Cannonball Adderley

Julian Edwin "Cannonball" Adderley (September 15, 1928 – August 8, 1975) was a jazz alto saxophonist of the hard-bop era of the 1950s and 1960.

Adderley is remembered for his 1966 single Mercy Mercy Mercy, a crossover hit on the pop charts, and for his work with trumpeter Miles Davis, including on the epochal album Kind of Blue (1959). He was the brother of jazz cornetist Nat Adderley, a longtime member of his band.
Originally from Tampa, Florida, Adderly moved to New York in the mid 1950s. His nickname derived originally from "cannibal," a honorific title imposed on him by high school colleagues as a tribute to his vast eating capacity.
His educational career was long established prior to teaching applied instrumental music classes at Dillard High School in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Cannonball moved to Tallahassee, Florida when his parents obtained teaching positions at Florida A&M University.

Both Cannonball and brother Nat played with Ray Charles when Charles lived in Tallahassee during the early 1940s. Cannonball was a local legend in Florida until he moved to New York City in 1955, where he lived in Corona, Queens.
It was in New York during this time that Adderley's prolific career began. Adderley visited the Cafe Bohemia (Oscar Pettiford's group was playing that night) where he brought his saxophone into the club with him, primarily because he feared that it would be stolen. He was asked to sit in as the saxophone player was late, and in true Cannonball style, he soared through the changes, and became a sensation in the following weeks.
Prior to joining the Miles Davis band, Adderley formed his own group with his brother Nat after signing onto the Savoy jazz label in 1957. He was noticed by Miles Davis, and it was because of his blues-rooted alto saxophone that Davis asked him to play with his group.

Adderley joined the Miles Davis sextet in October 1957, three months prior to John Coltrane's return to the group. Adderley played on the seminal Davis records Milestones and Kind of Blue. This period also overlapped with pianist Bill Evans's time with the sextet, an association that led to recording Portrait of Cannonball and Know What I Mean?.
His interest as an educator carried over to his recordings. In 1961, Cannonball narrated The Child's Introduction to Jazz, released on Riverside Records.
By the end of 1960s, Adderley's playing began to reflect the influence of the electric jazz avant-garde, and Miles Davis' experiments on the album Bitches Brew.[citation needed] On his albums from this period, such as Accent on Africa (1968) and The Price You Got to Pay to Be Free (1970), he began doubling on soprano saxophone, showing the influence of John Coltrane and Wayne Shorter.[citation needed] In that same year, his quintet appeared at the Monterey Jazz Festival in California, and a brief scene of that performance was featured in the 1971 psychological thriller Play Misty for Me, starring Clint Eastwood.[citation needed] In 1975 he also appeared (in an acting role alongside Jose Feliciano and David Carradine) in the episode "Battle Hymn" in the third season of the TV series Kung Fu.
Joe Zawinul's composition "Cannon Ball" (recorded on Weather Report's album Black Market) is a tribute to his former leader.

Songs made famous by Adderley and his bands include "This Here" (written by Bobby Timmons), "The Jive Samba," "Work Song" (written by Nat Adderley), "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy" (written by Joe Zawinul) and "Walk Tall" (written by Zawinul, Marrow and Rein). A cover version of Pops Staples' "Why (Am I Treated So Bad)?" also entered the charts.
Adderley was initiated as an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia fraternity (Gamma Theta chapter, University of North Texas, '60, & Xi Omega chapter, Frostburg State University, '70) and Alpha Phi Alpha (Beta Nu chapter, Florida A&M University).

Adderley died of a stroke in 1975. He was buried in the Southside Cemetery, Tallahassee, Florida. Later that year he was inducted into the Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame.



Julian Edwin Adderley (n. Tampa, Florida; 15 de septiembre de 1928 - f. Gary; 8 de agosto de 1975), conocido como Cannonball Adderley, fue un saxofonista estadounidense de jazz, encuadrado estilísticamente en el hard bop y el soul jazz.

Musicalmente, su primer trabajo fue el de director de orquesta juvenil en Florida. Durante un viaje a Nueva York en 1955, se unió al grupo del bajista Oscar Pettiford, quien lo contrató unos conciertos en el Café Bohemia; como resultado del gran éxito obtenido, fue contratado por el sello discográfico Savoy, quedándose a vivir en la ciudad.
En 1957 se unió al quinteto del trompetista Miles Davis y formó parte de unos de los momentos cumbres de la historia de la música contemporánea cuando entre el 2 y 3 de abril de 1958 grabó Milestones junto al líder de la banda Davis, Paul Chambers en bajos, John Coltrane en saxo tenor, al pianista Red Garland y el baterista Philly Joe Jones. Un año más tarde participó en la grabación de uno de los discos más importantes de la historia del jazz, Kind of Blue,1 con Davis, Chambers, Coltrane, además de Jimmy Cobbs en la percusión y Wynton Kelly o Bill Evans en el piano.

Desde esos años Cannonball Adderley se ganó un lugar dentro de la escena jazzística mundial y comenzó a liderar sus propias bandas y a marcar un estilo dentro de la historia del jazz. Fue uno de los exponentes más altos del hard-bop y el impulsor del soul-jazz con su disco más conocido Mercy, Mercy, Mercy!. Entre 1959 y 1963 grabó para el sello Riverside y formó un quinteto junto a su hermano cornetista Nat Adderley e introdujo al mundo de la música a grandes valores que se destacaron posteriormente como el pianista austríaco Joe Zawinul, el guitarrista Wes Montgomery o el destacado pianista neoyorquino Bud Powell.
En 1958 grabó el disco que dejará su nombre de líder de jazz en la historia: Somethin' Else, un disco con un quinteto de lujo que incluyó a Davis en la trompeta, Hank Jones en el piano, Sam Jones en el bajo y a Art Blakey en la percusión.

También se destacó por ser un músico de una gran presencia en el escenario, cada tema era explicado de manera didáctica para que los espectadores pudieran interpretar los sentimientos que Adderley expresaba con su saxo. El 8 de agosto de 1975, en Garry, Indiana, murió a causa de un infarto.